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QUARTZ GLASS

Aug 24, 2025

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Quartz glass is made by melting various pure natural quartz.

Its coefficient of thermal expansion is extremely low, only 1/10 to 1/20 that of ordinary glass, and it offers excellent thermal shock resistance. It is also highly heat-resistant, with a typical operating temperature of 1100°C to 1200°C and short-term operating temperatures up to 1400°C.

Quartz glass is primarily used in laboratory equipment and in the refining of specialized high-purity products. Its high spectral transmittance makes it immune to radiation damage (other glasses darken when exposed to radiation), making it ideal for use in spacecraft, wind tunnel windows, and spectrophotometer optical systems.
Quartz glass is a specialized industrial glass composed solely of silicon dioxide. It has a high hardness, reaching Mohs 7, and features high-temperature resistance, a low coefficient of thermal expansion, excellent thermal shock resistance, chemical stability, and excellent electrical insulation properties.

It is also transparent to ultraviolet and infrared rays. It exhibits good acid resistance to common acids, with the exception of hydrofluoric acid and hot phosphoric acid. It is classified by transparency into two categories: transparent and opaque. Purity is divided into three categories: high-purity, ordinary, and doped. It is made from crystal, silica, and silicide through high-temperature melting or chemical vapor deposition. The melting methods include electric melting and gas refining.

There are different types Fused Silica used for different application. We mainly have three types, including JGS1, JGS2, JGS3 

 
 
JGS1 (Far UV Optical Quartz Glass)It is an optical quartz glass made of synthetic stone with SiCl 4 as raw material and melted by high purity oxyhydrogen flame. So it contains a large amount of hydroxyl (around 2000 ppm) and has excellent UV transmission performance. Especially in the short wave UV region, its transmission performance is far better than all other kinds of glass. The UV transmission rate at 185nm can reach 90% or more. The synthetic quartz glass get very strong absorption peak at 2730 nm and has no particle structure. It is an excellent optical material in the range of 185-2500nm. JGS1 is used for optics operating in the deep UV and the visible wavelength range Laser,  Lenses, Windows, Prisms and Mirrors, etc. It is practically free of bubbles and inclusions. JGS1 Fused Silica is similiar to the following Manufacturers Heraeus – Suprasil 1 and 2 Saint-Gobain – Spectrosil A and B Corning's 7980 Dynasil's 1100 and 4100.
 
 
 
 
 
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JGS2 (UV Optical Quartz Glass)
    It is quartz glass produced by gas refining with crystal as raw material, containing dozens of PPM metal impurities. There are absorption peaks (hydroxyl content 100-200ppm) at 2730nm, with stripe and particle structure. It is a good material in the wave band range of 220-2500 nm. The benefits include good UV and visible transmission similar to JGS1. Can be made in small diameters/dimensions that can be very thin and is free of bubbles. Cons include possible bubbles in larger dimensions/diameters.
JGS2 Fused Silica is similiar to the following Manufacturers
Heraeus' Homosil 1,2; 3
Dynasil 1000; 4000; 5000; 6000
Applications for JGS2 include:
condenser optics; high temperature and pressure devices
optical flats; microscope slides; sight glasses
 
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3. (Infrared Optical Quartz Glass) JGS3
JGS3 is transparent in the ultraviolet, visible and infrared spectral regions. It's absorption bands are in the 185-250 nm spectral region, but has no absorption bands in the visible physical properties with outstanding optical characteristics in the deep UV and the IR wavelength range. It is those requiring very wide wavelength range from DUV to MIR. It is quite a bit more expensive than Silicon and slightly less expensive than Calcium Fluoride or ZnS Multi-spectral grade. JGS3 is similiar to the following manufacturers Heraeus Suprasil 300.
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    Shape Optics can provide optical grade Quartz Glass for many applications, including bandpass interference filter, Cut off filters, UV bandpass filter, Narrow bandpass filter, ND filter, Negative Filter or Notch filters, dichroic, color substrate.
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